Diabetes & Metabolism Journal

Original Articles

Various Oscillation Patterns of Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Concentrations in Healthy Volunteers: Sang Ah Lee, Eunheiu Jeong, Eun Hee Kim, Mi-Seon Shin, Jenie Yoonoo Hwang, Eun Hee Koh, Woo Je Lee, Joong-Yeol Park, Min-Seon Kim; Diabetes Metab J. 2012;36(1):29-36. Published online February 17, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2012.36.1.29

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Background

Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) was originally identified as a paroxysm proliferator activated receptor-α target gene product and is a hormone involved in metabolic regulation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the diurnal variation of serum FGF21 concentration in obese and non-obese healthy volunteers.

Methods

Blood samples were collected from five non-obese (body mass index [BMI] ≤23 kg/m²) and five obese (BMI ≥25 kg/m²) healthy young men every 30 to 60 minutes over 24 hours. Serum FGF21 concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay. Anthropometric parameters, glucose, free fatty acid, insulin, leptin, and cortisol concentrations were also measured.

Results

The serum FGF21 concentrations displayed various individual oscillation patterns. The oscillation frequency ranged between 6 and 12 times per day. The average duration of oscillation was 2.52 hours (range, 1.9 to 3.0 hours). The peaks and troughs of FGF21 oscillation showed no circadian rhythm. However, the oscillation frequency had a diurnal variation and was lower during the light-off period than during the light-on period (2.4 vs. 7.3 times, P<0.001). There was no difference in the total frequency or duration of oscillations between non-obese and obese subjects, but obese individuals had increased numbers of larger oscillations (amplitude ≥0.19 ng/mL).

Conclusion

Various oscillation patterns in serum FGF21 concentration were observed, and reduced oscillation frequencies were seen during sleep. The oscillation patterns of serum FGF21 concentration suggest that FGF21 may be secreted into systemic circulation in a pulsatile manner. Obesity appeared to affect the amplitude of oscillations of serum FGF21.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Circadian Regulation of Endocrine Fibroblast Growth Factors on Systemic Energy Metabolism
Zhenning Yang, Helmut Zarbl, Grace L. Guo
Molecular Pharmacology.2024; 105(3): 179. CrossRef
Acute sleep loss alters circulating fibroblast growth factor 21 levels in humans: A randomised crossover trial
Luiz Eduardo Mateus Brandão, Daniel Espes, Jakub Orzechowski Westholm, Teemu Martikainen, Nestori Westerlund, Lauri Lampola, Alexandru Popa, Heike Vogel, Annette Schürmann, Suzanne L. Dickson, Christian Benedict, Jonathan Cedernaes
Journal of Sleep Research.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Metabolic Stress Index Including Mitochondrial Biomarker for Noninvasive Diagnosis of Hepatic Steatosis
Jae Seung Chang, Jhii-Hyun Ahn, Seong Hee Kang, Sang-Baek Koh, Jang-Young Kim, Soon Koo Baik, Ji Hye Huh, Samuel S. Lee, Moon Young Kim, Kyu-Sang Park
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Single-Arm 8-Week Ad Libitum Self-Prepared Paleo Diet Reduces Cardiometabolic Disease Risk Factors in Overweight Adults
Melissa M. Markofski, Kristofer Jennings, Chad Dolan, Natalie A. Davies, Emily C. LaVoy, Edward J. Ryan, Andres E. Carrillo
American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine.2021; 15(6): 690. CrossRef
Diurnal rhythm in clinical chemistry: An underrated source of variation
Mohamed Abou El Hassan, Edgard Delvin, Manal O. Elnenaei, Barry Hoffman
Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences.2018; 55(8): 516. CrossRef
Integrated stress response stimulates FGF21 expression: Systemic enhancer of longevity
Antero Salminen, Kai Kaarniranta, Anu Kauppinen
Cellular Signalling.2017; 40: 10. CrossRef
Therapeutic potential of the endocrine fibroblast growth factors FGF19, FGF21 and FGF23
Chiara Degirolamo, Carlo Sabbà, Antonio Moschetta
Nature Reviews Drug Discovery.2016; 15(1): 51. CrossRef
Response of fibroblast growth factor 21 to meal intake and insulin infusion in patients on maintenance haemodialysis
Mark Reinhard, Jan Frystyk, Bente Jespersen, Else Randers, Bo Martin Bibby, Per Ivarsen
Clinical Endocrinology.2015; 83(2): 187. CrossRef
Possible role of fibroblast growth factor 21 on atherosclerosis via amelioration of endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis in apoE−/− mice
Xi Wu, Yong-Fen Qi, Jin-Rui Chang, Wei-Wei Lu, Jin-Sheng Zhang, Shao-Ping Wang, Shu-Juan Cheng, Ming Zhang, Qian Fan, Yuan Lv, Hui Zhu, Man-Kun Xin, Yun Lv, Jing-Hua Liu
Heart and Vessels.2015; 30(5): 657. CrossRef
Circulating Fibroblast Growth Factors as Metabolic Regulators—A Critical Appraisal
Bo Angelin, Tobias E. Larsson, Mats Rudling
Cell Metabolism.2012; 16(6): 693. CrossRef
Metabolic actions of fibroblast growth factor 21
Daniel Cuevas-Ramos, Carlos A. Aguilar-Salinas, Francisco J. Gómez-Pérez
Current Opinion in Pediatrics.2012; 24(4): 523. CrossRef
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21: A Novel Metabolic Regulator
Ji A Seo, Nan Hee Kim
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2012; 36(1): 26. CrossRef
MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Biological role, clinical significance, and therapeutic possibilities of the recently discovered metabolic hormone fibroblastic growth factor 21
Pedro Iglesias, Rafael Selgas, Sara Romero, Juan J Díez
European Journal of Endocrinology.2012; 167(3): 301. CrossRef

Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Target Goal Attainment Rate and Physician Perceptions about Target Goal Achievement in Korean Patients with Diabetes: Jenie Yoonoo Hwang, Chang Hee Jung, Woo Je Lee, Cheol Young Park, Sung Rae Kim, Kun-Ho Yoon, Moon Kyu Lee, Sung Woo Park, Joong-Yeol Park; Diabetes Metab J. 2011;35(6):628-636. Published online December 26, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2011.35.6.628

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Abstract PDF PubReader

Background

This study aims to investigate the discrepancy between clinicians' perceptions and actual achievement rates of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in Korean patients with diabetes according to updated American Diabetes Association (ADA)/American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACC) recommendations.

Methods

This is a multi-center, retrospective, non-interventional, observational study. Diabetic patients aged 18 years or older were eligible if they had been diagnosed with hypercholesterolemia or were receiving a lipid-lowering therapy between May 2010 and August 2010. The information was obtained by reviewing medical records and using a self-completed questionnaire to examine physician perceptions.

Results

A total of 2,591 subjects who satisfied the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Highest-risk and high-risk patients accounted for 61.9% and 38.1% of the patients, respectively. Although most (96.3%) underwent a statin monotherapy or a statin-based combination therapy, just 47.4% of patients attained the LDL-C target. However, the physicians' perceptions on target achievement rate (70.6%) were different from the actual results (47.4%). Many patients (65.3%) remained on the starting doses of statins, despite evidence of poor achievement of lipid goals.

Conclusion

Only less than half of patients with diabetes attained the LDL-C goal. The surveys showed that poor physician performance might be due to the lack of recognition on ADA/ACC consensus causing a low LDL-C target attainment rate. Therefore, changes in doctor perception are needed to attain target LDL-C level and reduce cardiovascular risk in Korean patients with diabetes.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Lipid Management in Korean People With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Korean Diabetes Association and Korean Society of Lipid and Atherosclerosis Consensus Statement
Ye Seul Yang, Hack-Lyoung Kim, Sang-Hyun Kim, Min Kyong Moon
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Lipid Management in Korean People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Korean Diabetes Association and Korean Society of Lipid and Atherosclerosis Consensus Statement
Ye Seul Yang, Hack-Lyoung Kim, Sang-Hyun Kim, Min Kyong Moon
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2023; 47(1): 1. CrossRef
Impact of physician's perception about LDL cholesterol control in clinical practice when treating patients in Spain
Juan Cosín-Sales, Raquel Campuzano Ruiz, José Luis Díaz Díaz, Carlos Escobar Cervantes, María Rosa Fernández Olmo, Juan José Gómez-Doblas, José María Mostaza, Juan Pedro-Botet, Núria Plana Gil, Pedro Valdivielso
Atherosclerosis.2023; 375: 38. CrossRef
Current Status of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Target Achievement in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Korea Compared with Recent Guidelines
Soo Jin Yun, In-Kyung Jeong, Jin-Hye Cha, Juneyoung Lee, Ho Chan Cho, Sung Hee Choi, SungWan Chun, Hyun Jeong Jeon, Ho-Cheol Kang, Sang Soo Kim, Seung-Hyun Ko, Gwanpyo Koh, Su Kyoung Kwon, Jae Hyuk Lee, Min Kyong Moon, Junghyun Noh, Cheol-Young Park, Sung
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2022; 46(3): 464. CrossRef
Lipid-lowering treatment intensity, persistence, adherence and goal attainment in patients with coronary heart disease
Faizan Mazhar, Paul Hjemdahl, Catherine M Clase, Kristina Johnell, Tomas Jernberg, Juan Jesus Carrero
American Heart Journal.2022; 251: 78. CrossRef
Evaluation of efficacy and safety of combined rosuvastatin and atorvastatin in treating with coronary heart disease
Ke Li, Meng-Meng Liu, Xin Yang, Li Chen, Hui Geng, Wei Luo, Jie Ma
Medicine.2021; 100(24): e26340. CrossRef
Achievement of LDL-C Targets Defined by ESC/EAS (2011) Guidelines in Risk-Stratified Korean Patients with Dyslipidemia Receiving Lipid-Modifying Treatments
Ye Seul Yang, Seo Young Lee, Jung-Sun Kim, Kyung Mook Choi, Kang Wook Lee, Sang-Chol Lee, Jung Rae Cho, Seung-Jin Oh, Ji-Hyun Kim, Sung Hee Choi
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2020; 35(2): 367. CrossRef
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol goal attainment rates in high-risk patients with cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus in Korea: a retrospective cohort study
Ye Seul Yang, Bo Ram Yang, Mi-Sook Kim, Yunji Hwang, Sung Hee Choi
Lipids in Health and Disease.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Dyslipidemia and Rate of Under-Target Low-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease in Korea
Sang-Hak Lee, Woo-Hyuk Song, Myung Ho Jeong, Seung-Ho Hur, Dong Woon Jeon, Wonju Jeung, Anselm K Gitt, Martin Horack, Ami Vyas, Dominik Lautsch, Baishali Ambegaonkar, Philippe Brudi, Yangsoo Jang
Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis.2019; 8(2): 242. CrossRef
Statin use and site-specific risk of colorectal cancer in individuals with hypercholesterolemia from the National Health Insurance Service-National Health Screening Cohort (NHIS-HEALS)
Jae-Woo Lee, Na-Young You, Yeseul Kim, Yonghwan Kim, Joungyoun Kim, Hee-Taik Kang
Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases.2019; 29(7): 701. CrossRef
Efficacy and safety of rosuvastatin versus atorvastatin in high-risk Chinese patients with hypercholesterolemia: a randomized, double-blind, active-controlled study
Shuiping Zhao, Daoquan Peng
Current Medical Research and Opinion.2018; 34(2): 227. CrossRef
Effect of physician characteristics and knowledge on the quality of dyslipidemia management and LDL–C target goal achievement in China: Subgroup analysis of the Dyslipidemia International Study
Rongjing Ding, Ping Ye, Shuiping Zhao, Dong Zhao, Xiaowei Yan, Yugang Dong, Jihu Li, Yuqin Ran, Dayi Hu
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Trends in the management levels of metabolic risk factors in middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: The Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1998–2014
Sukyung Cho, Haeun Jang, Kyong Park, Stefan Kiechl
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Increased postprandial apolipoprotein B-48 level after a test meal in diabetic patients: A multicenter, cross-sectional study
Cheol-Young Park, Joong-Yeol Park, Jongwon Choi, Dae Jung Kim, Kyong Soo Park, Kun-Ho Yoon, Moon-Kyu Lee, Sung-Woo Park
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Physicians’ behavior following changes in LDL cholesterol target goals
Shlomo Vinker, Haim Bitterman, Doron Comaneshter, Arnon D Cohen
Israel Journal of Health Policy Research.2015;[Epub] CrossRef
Prevalence of dyslipidaemia in patients treated with lipid-lowering agents in China: Results of the DYSlipidemia International Study (DYSIS)
Shuiping Zhao, Yongjun Wang, Yiming Mu, Bilian Yu, Ping Ye, Xiaowei Yan, Zhanquan Li, Yidong Wei, Baishaili M. Ambegaonakr, Dayi Hu
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Ioanna Xanthopoulou, Periklis Davlouros, Simos Siahos, Angelos Perperis, Evangelia Zaharioglou, Dimitrios Alexopoulos
Lipids in Health and Disease.2013;[Epub] CrossRef
Statin Prescription Adhered to Guidelines for Patients Hospitalized due to Acute Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack
Keun-Sik Hong, Mi Sun Oh, Hye-Yeon Choi, A-Hyun Cho, Hyung-Min Kwon, Kyung-Ho Yu, Hee-Joon Bae, Juneyoung Lee, Byung-Chul Lee
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LDL-cholesterol target values and actual values in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) uncontrolled on oral antidiabetic monotherapy: The lipid results of the French ESCALADE survey
Alfred Penfornis, Alain Baleydier, Thierry Clavel, Sylvie Picard
Annales d'Endocrinologie.2012; 73(6): 503. CrossRef
Clinical evaluation of the use of statins in diabetic dyslipidemia
김나영, 류재곤, 정효근, 백소영, 남상민
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The Prevalence of Peripheral Arterial Disease in Korean Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Attending a University Hospital: Ji Hee Yu, Jenie Yoonoo Hwang, Mi-Seon Shin, Chang Hee Jung, Eun Hee Kim, Sang Ah Lee, Eun Hee Koh, Woo Je Lee, Min-Seon Kim, Joong-Yeol Park, Ki-Up Lee; Diabetes Metab J. 2011;35(5):543-550. Published online October 31, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2011.35.5.543

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49 Download
20 Crossref

Abstract PDF PubReader

Background

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a common manifestation of systemic atherosclerosis and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Diabetes is known to increase the risk of PAD two- to four-fold. The prevalence of PAD in Korean diabetic patients has not been established. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of PAD in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes attending a large university hospital and analyzed the factors associated with PAD.

Methods

A total of 2,002 patients with type 2 diabetes who underwent ankle-brachial index (ABI) measurement in an outpatient clinic were enrolled. PAD was defined as an ABI ≤0.9. Clinical characteristics of 64 patients with PAD were compared with those of 192 age- and sex-matched control patients without PAD.

Results

Of the 2,002 type 2 diabetic patients, 64 (3.2%) were diagnosed as having PAD. PAD was associated with higher prevalences of retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, cerebrovascular and coronary artery disease. Patients with PAD had higher systolic blood pressure and serum triglyceride level and reported higher pack-years of smoking. Multivariate analysis showed that the presence of micro- and macrovascular complications and high systolic blood pressure are factors independently associated with PAD.

Conclusion

The prevalence of PAD in diabetic patients was 3.2%, suggesting that the prevalence in Korean diabetic patients is lower than that of patients in Western countries.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Impaired Cardiovagal Activity as a Link Between Hyperglycemia and Arterial Stiffness in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Among an Eastern Indian Population: A Cross-sectional Study
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Abnormally Low or High Ankle-Brachial Index Is Associated with Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus Patients
Szu-Chia Chen, Pi-Jung Hsiao, Jiun-Chi Huang, Kun-Der Lin, Wei-Hao Hsu, Yu-Li Lee, Mei-Yueh Lee, Jer-Ming Chang, Shyi–Jang Shin, Xiao-Feng Yang
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Won Jun Kim, Cheol-Young Park
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2011; 35(6): 637. CrossRef

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